Which of the following best describes a security policy?

A security policy is best described as a formal document outlining protection approaches. This definition captures the essence of what a security policy is intended to achieve, which is to provide a structured framework for securing an organization’s sensitive information and assets. A well-crafted security policy includes specific protocols, rules, and guidelines that help ensure compliance with relevant regulations and best practices.

The formality of the document is crucial because it establishes a standardized approach that all employees must adhere to, thereby promoting consistency in security measures across the organization. This policy serves as a reference point for decision-making, risk management, and response strategies when dealing with potential security threats or breaches.

In contrast, other options illustrate less effective or non-structured approaches to security. For instance, casual guidelines or informal methods lack the rigor and formalization necessary for comprehensive protection, while verbal agreements are prone to misinterpretation and do not provide a solid foundation for accountability and enforcement.